Mulenga Kapwepwe, founding father of the Women’s History Museum of Zambia posed a query in 2022 to a small group of youthful tech fanatics in Zambia: Can one thing referred to as “blockchain expertise” provide any new usefulness for the preservation of historical past? She had began a brand new initiative aimed toward digital humanities, and interesting with younger individuals excited by expertise who may need to apply their skills to the world of arts, tradition, and historical past. The group of builders, designers, and artists she was working with shared their enthusiasm for “web3”, and collectively they mentioned a number of the properties and options of blockchains. So she started to contemplate how they may apply it to a really difficult drawback for African Heritage: artifact repatriation.
Traditionally, many areas all over the world have seen their materials cultural heritage housed in European and American museums, elevating complicated questions on possession, historical past, and identification. Within the African context, this concern is especially pronounced: an estimated 90% of Africa’s materials cultural heritage is now situated within the West, in keeping with the 2018 Sarr and Savoy report The Restitution of African Cultural Heritage: Towards a New Relational Ethics1. Whereas discussions round bodily repatriation have endured for years, geopolitical and logistical complexities typically make tangible steps towards decision tough.
The group had an thought: if the bodily repatriation of artifacts is simply too certain up in geopolitical, cultural and logistical challenges, maybe it could be potential to create a digital forged of the artifacts as a viable various. By linking a digital artifact to its bodily unique, this technique may seize and evoke an analogous connection to heritage, creativity, historical past, and the invaluable data and classes of the previous that museum patrons expertise in individual, whereas additionally providing a brand new perspective on the bodily artifacts—forming modern methods to attach with cultural heritage. With the fitting supporting expertise, African artifacts at present locked away in European and American museums may change into accessible to Africans whose ancestors took half in creating them.
Digital and augmented actuality expertise has superior sufficient to allow high-fidelity scans of bodily objects, permitting them to be displayed on screens, projectors, or VR goggles in a museum exhibition. Nonetheless, the scanned objects nonetheless want that important property of uniqueness with the intention to have a significant sense of provenance related to the actual factor. If artifacts housed in distant museums might be scanned, minted, and exhibited as distinctive, provenance-verified digital objects, researchers, curators, and museum patrons may interact with the artifacts in new methods. Furthermore, social coordination round these digital artifacts may allow significant interactions, permitting communities and consultants to collectively handle, share, and analysis cultural heritage in new methods.
Think about ticket income from an exhibition on southern African masks in Brussels (or Paris, or London) instantly benefiting communities in Lusaka (or Harare, or Pretoria)—communities with actual, tangible connections to the artifacts. For a lot of neighborhood members who might by no means have the chance to see the objects in individual, this digital entry may enable them to contribute private reminiscences or distinctive cultural context that researchers and anthropologists might have by no means identified. Such contributions may assist “recontextualize” these artifacts, restoring which means and relevance to objects which have typically been displayed with out the voices and views of these most carefully related to them.
Via the sparks of curiosity that started with this query, the staff laid the primary foundational blocks of a brand new method to cultural preservation: one which connects the heritage of the previous with the expertise of the current, bringing it to those that maintain it most pricey.
A Historical past Machine
Venkatesh Rao, in a chat titled “bloodcoin”, described blockchains as “a historical past expertise”. They supply a everlasting, accessible medium to inscribe historical past on a ledger that doesn’t fade or distort over time. This makes blockchains an excellent device or expertise for museums and anthropologists. Blockchains additionally occur to be an environment friendly technique to enact “cash” and different methods that perform as mediums of alternate, unit(s) of account, and retailer(s) of worth. These properties may enable blockchains to change into a medium able to “injecting historical past” into data of worth and possession to protect and acknowledge narratives of historic money owed and reparations.
To discover this potential, Mulenga Kapwepwe, together with Thomas Gondwe, Nhyira Amofa-Sekyi, and Mario Jere, co-founded SummitShare. Collectively, they got down to develop modern, digital strategies to deal with the complicated realities of historical past. SummitShare’s method emphasizes interactive, participatory, and academic experiences—bridging the previous with a digitally fluent viewers and offering significant connections to cultural heritage by trendy expertise.
In the identical manner that the web radically remodeled how info spreads, blockchains may remodel how historical past is preserved, providing a type of temporal permanence. By creating digital representations of artifacts and inscribing their provenance — their journey by societies and time — SummitShare democratizes entry to cultural heritage. Many artifacts in European museums in the present day lack full provenance, however residing communities might maintain helpful context (songs, tales, reminiscences) that might deepen understanding and restore which means. Digital casts of artifacts guarantee this context is preserved whereas additionally enabling heritage communities to share in the advantages these objects generate.
Proof of Idea: Origins with the WHMZ
Via a collaboration facilitated by the Girls’s Historical past Museum of Zambia, the SummitShare staff engaged with the Swedish Ethnographic Museum to entry their catalog and digital repository of artifacts. This partnership offered SummitShare with helpful sources, together with entry to digital data containing provenance info and preliminary 3D casts of artifacts held within the Swedish museum’s assortment. Leveraging these sources, the staff started designing and modeling a 3D digital exhibit that includes artifacts with wealthy historic contexts from Zambia and southern Africa. Past the digital modeling, the challenge additionally proposed tokenizing these artifacts to encode and protect their provenance, marking a major step towards the creation of a decentralized digital repository.
Growth and Progress Below Ethereum’s Subsequent Billion Fellowship Program
In 2023, Mulenga (as lead of the SummitShare staff) joined the Ethereum Basis’s Subsequent Billion Fellowship Program, permitting them to refine the challenge. The challenge gained helpful open-source contributions for sensible contract and preliminary subgraph design from a pseudonymous contributor, and from Hanan Haj Ahmed, a Palestinian designer, who contributed early work amidst important challenges in Gaza. Daniel Tembo, a talented 3D artist with a background in sport design, serves because the architect of SummitShare’s digital realm, and crafted digital exhibition environments to convey artifacts to life in immersive digital format.
The Main Girls Exhibit: A Mannequin for Digital and Bodily Collaboration
All through 2024, the SummitShare staff has ready for its inaugural exhibit, furthering analysis on native repatriation efforts and forming key partnerships, together with with the Octant Accelerator to scale the platform. This exhibit, titled Main Girls, focuses on the lives and artifacts of six Zambian girls—trailblazers from varied societal roles, corresponding to generals, political activists, and tribal leaders. These artifacts present distinctive historic insights and inspiration for contemporary society.
With SummitShare, museums and galleries can create exhibitions with each bodily and digital parts, every related by sensible contracts. This enables for distinctive synergies, corresponding to ticket gross sales for European exhibitions supporting cultural applications in Africa, combining digital artifacts with tangible advantages for heritage communities.
An exhibit on SummitShare isn’t just a set of photographs and fashions of artwork items or objects – they’re linked to a set of sensible contracts that present a singular tag to the item and permit it to be represented on the web of worth. With the SummitShare sensible contracts, we get the provenance and uniqueness wanted for that significant connection to a digital merchandise.
Furthermore, the platform additionally makes use of the identical set of contracts to handle ticket gross sales in addition to interactive options of the exhibit that relate to the digitized objects. Curation charges, proceeds, advantages, and the connection between them are all structured to return worth to all custodians of heritage and cultural worth, traditionally and geographically.
The Main Girls exhibit holds a particular affiliation with Zambia’s Gwembe Valley neighborhood, highlighting the cultural origins of the artifacts. The aim is to make sure that the Gwembe Valley neighborhood instantly advantages from the exhibit’s proceeds and engagement.
Earlier than launching this exhibit, the SummitShare staff met with Gwembe Valley leaders to know their preservation strategies, governance, and information-sharing practices, which knowledgeable how the platform integrates conventional governance into decision-making processes.
The Gwembe Valley’s help extends to 150 communities inside their jurisdiction, providing an unbelievable alternative for SummitShare to achieve a broad, interconnected viewers.
Ahead-looking Historical past
SummitShare isn’t nearly African heritage, it’s about utilizing human coordination to unravel the worldwide concern of cultural disconnection. By inserting historical past and tradition onchain, we create an immutable report and a bridge between previous and current, preserving legacies whereas empowering heritage communities.
At its core, SummitShare focuses on provenance (info) and individuals. These guiding ideas drive its mission to bridge gaps in entry, data, and illustration. This journey is considered one of analysis, experimentation, and the design of methods that allow democratized entry to cultural and financial parts which have lengthy been out of attain.
The Main Girls Exhibit is now obtainable for early entry to supporters. Should you’d like to interact with the SummitShare initiative and contribute to the Gwembe Valley neighborhood, you’ll be able to study extra in regards to the digital exhibit and safe your entry forward of the official opening on December thirteenth, 2024, on the SummitShare website.
Should you work within the museum, college, or cultural heritage area and wish to know extra about SummitShare, or wish to collaborate on an exhibition, please contact info@summitshare.co or attain out to nextbillion@ethereum.foundation.
Collectively, let’s redefine cultural heritage for a related, decentralized world—one which values shared tales and inclusive innovation.
Should you’re a frontrunner, creator, or builder engaged on human-centric challenges, we are looking for your story! Now you can apply for Cohorts 5 & 6 of the Next Billion Fellowship. Purposes for Cohort 5 shall be thought of till 12 January 2025
